Before installingUbuntuon your Chromebook, you first need to enable Developer Mode.
Turn on your Chromebook, then press and hold theEsc+Refreshkeys and tap thePowerbutton.
When the forced reboot begins, release the keys.
PressCtrl+Dto initiate Developer Mode.
The following message displays:To turn OS verification OFF, press ENTER.
A new screen appears stating that OS verification is off.
Don’t touch anything at this point.
After a few sections, you receive notification that the Chromebook is transitioning to Developer Mode.
This process may take some time and could involve multiple reboots.
You are eventually returned to theOS verification is OFFmessage, accompanied by a red exclamation point.
Ignore this message and wait until you see the welcome screen forChrome OS.
Once completed, sign in to your Chromebook.
Click thegoo.gllink, located to the right of theChromium OS Universal Chroot Environmentheader.
A Crouton file downloads to yourDownloadsfolder.
launch the Chrome OS developer shell in a new internet tool tab by pressingCtrl+Alt+T.
At the prompt, entersudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -e -t xfce, then press theEnterkey.
The latest version of the Crouton installer downloads.
While this flag isn’t required, it is recommended.
Choose a secure password and passphrase that you will remember and enter these credentials accordingly, if applicable.
After the key generation completes, the Crouton installation process begins.
This process takes several minutes and requires minimal intervention.
After the installation completes, the command prompt displays.
Entersudo startxfce4,then press theEnterkey.
If you chose encryption in the previous steps, you are prompted for your password and passphrase.
AnXfce sessionbegins, and the Ubuntu desktop interface appears.
Crouton runs Chrome OS and Ubuntu simultaneously.
To switch between the two operating systems without rebooting, use theCtrl+Alt+Shift+BackandCtrl+Alt+Shift+Forwardkeyboard shortcuts.
These shortcuts don’t work on a Chromebook with an Intel or AMD chipset, as opposed to ARM.
In this case, use theCtrl+Alt+Back,Ctrl+Alt+Forward, andCtrl+Alt+Refreshshortcuts.
Return to the developer shell interface by using theCtrl+Alt+Tkeyboard shortcut.
Typeshellat thecroshprompt and pressEnter.
Typesudo startxfce4,then pressEnter.
slide in your encryption password and passphrase if prompted.
The version of Ubuntu that you installed doesn’t come with much pre-installed software.
The most common method for locating and installing Linux applications is through apt-get.
Thiscommand-line toolsearches for and downloads countless applications within Ubuntu.
AMD and Intel-based Chromebooks offer access to more working applications than those running ARM chips.
However, ARM-based Chromebooks run some of the most popular Linux applications.
Use Crouton to back up your Ubuntu data.
Launch the developer shell interface by pressingCtrl+Alt+T.
Typeshellat thecroshprompt and press theEnterkey.
Typesudo edit-chroot -a,then pressEnter.
The name of yourchrootdisplays in white text (for example, precise).
throw in the following syntax followed by a space and the name of your chroot:sudo edit-chroot -b.
(for example,sudo edit-chroot -b precise), then pressEnter.
When theOS verification is OFFmessage appears, press thespacebar.
Confirm reactivating OS verification.
A notification alerts you that OS verification is now on.
Your Chromebook reboots and is restored to its original state.
After the process completes, the Chrome OS welcome screen appears.
