Indatabase lingo, these columns are called attributes.
A database attribute is a column name and the content of the fields under it in a table.
Each one of the field entries is also an attribute.

Here’s an example of the often-citedNorthwindsdatabase.
The Products table defines the characteristics of each product.
Each of these characteristics is an attribute of the table (or entity) named Products.
An attribute is a single piece of data in the tuple to which it belongs.
Each tuple is a data set that applies to one item.
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Is an Attribute a Field?
In the table above, the ProductName in the second row isChang.
This is a field.
When discussing products in general, ProductName is the product’s column.
This is the attribute.
Defining Attributes
Attributes are defined in terms of their domain.
A domain defines the allowable values that an attribute can contain.
This includes its data key in, length, values, and other details.
For example, the domain for an attributeProductID might specify a numeric data throw in.
Want to know more about the essentials of databases?
OurDatabases for Beginnersguide is a good place to start.